The present chapter discusses the molecular basis of plant adaptation, including secondary metabolism, in response to climate change parameter. Biotic stress is stress that occurs as a result of damage done to an organism by other living organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, beneficial and harmful insects, weeds, and cultivated or. Abiotic stress is responsible for reduced yields in several major crops. Genetic variation in abiotic stress tolerance is often associated. Abiotic stress is the negative impact of nonliving factors on the living organisms in a specific environment. Redman rs, kim yo, woodward cjda, greer c, espino l, et al. Natural variation in abiotic stress and climate change.
Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance plant. In mutualistic association fungal endophyte can enhance growth, increase reproductive success and confer biotic and abiotic stress tolerance to its host plant. Mapping patterns of abiotic and biotic stress resilience. These stress factors include high and low temperature, water deficit drought and flooding. Environmental adaptations and stress tolerance of plants.
Abiotic stress has been becoming a major threat to food security due to the. Part two abiotic stress tolerance and climate change 79. Climate change is a serious problem influencing agricultural production worldwide and challenging researchers to investigate plant responses and to breed crops for the changed growing conditions. The variation within the maize drought tolerance gene is particularly. An understanding of tuinduced tolerance mechanisms may help improve crop yield under stress conditions. The ability of endophytes to colonize and confer stress tolerance, increase yields and biomass, and disease resistance to genetically unrelated plant species suggests that they may be. The challenges of abiotic stress on plant growth and development are evident among the emerging ecological impacts of climate change bellard et al. Many recent studies focused on the proteomelevel changes induced in plants when exposed to different abiotic stress factors. Pdf in this ready reference, a global team of experts comprehensively cover molecular and cell biologybased approaches to the impact of increasing. Stressinduced senescence and plant tolerance to abiotic. Potato is a major global crop that has an important role to play in food security, reducing poverty and improving human nutrition. Although not adapted to salt or drought stress, two.
Omics technologies for abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance wiley online. In vitro screening of crop plants for abiotic stress tolerance. Water factors in ecosystem productivity potential alterations in water availability arising from climate change will have signiicant implications for plant productivity. Carbon cycling and biosequestration ecosystem and plant. Abiotic stresses will remain a challenge to the natural environment and agriculture. Review genomic resources for breeding crops with enhanced. Environmental adaptations and stress tolerance of plants in the era of climate change. Increased fitness of rice plants to abiotic stress via. Pdf climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance. However, the potential mechanisms involved in tuinduced plant stress tolerance. Better understanding the roles of these phytohormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance will contribute to the development of crop plants tolerant to a wide range of stressful. Plant breeding for abiotic stress tolerance springerlink. Understanding abiotic stress factors such as temperature and drought tolerance and biotic stress tolerance traits such as insect pest and pathogen resistance in combination with high yield in plants is.
Review genomic resources for breeding crops with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance kailashc. Frontiers plant abiotic stress challenges from the. Plants use a variety of strategies to cope with abiotic stress, depending on the species and on the plants developmental stage mickelbart et al. Abiotic stress such as cold, drought, salt, and heavy metals largely influences plant development and crop productivity. The effect of climate change on abiotic plant stress. Request pdf climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance in plants, the phytohormone abscisic acid aba plays a major role in the responses to a wide range of stresses, including drought. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance should prove to be an invaluable reference for academic plant biologists as well as agriculturalists and government agencies.
Following an introduction to the general challenges for agriculture around the globe due to climate change, part two discusses how the resulting increase of abiotic stress factors can be dealt with. Up to now, most studies on climate change impacts focus on major crops, and only few papers pay attention. Divergent strategies to cope with climate change in himalayan plants climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance wiley online library. Biotic and abiotic stress are a result of climate change. Mitigating the impact of climate change on plant productivity and. Special issue plant polyamines in plant stress tolerance. Enhanced atmospheric co 2 concentrations provide an. One of the most important abiotic stresses affecting plants is water stress. To develop plants that are more resistant to stress, we urgently need to improve our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Recent approaches in omics for plant resilience to climate. The nonliving variable must influence the environment beyond its normal range of. Gigantea gi is a master regulator of stress tolerance and flowering time. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance by. From model plants to crop plants mark tester and antony bacic australian centre for plant functional genomics, glen osmond, south australia.
Additionally, climate change has brought new challenges to agriculture to produce food, feed, fiber and biofuels. Plant, abiotic stress and responses to climate change. Climate change and consequences for potato production. Abiotic and biotic stress in plants recent advances and. Jenks center for plant environmental stress physiology purdue university indiana, usa and. Plant abiotic stress challenges from the changing environment. Genetic mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance that. Understanding abiotic stress factors such as temperature and drought tolerance and biotic stress tolerance traits such as insect pest and pathogen resistance in combination with high yield in plants is of paramount importance to counter climate change related adverse effects. Recent approaches in omics for plant resilience to climate change.
This study provides insights in patterns of distribution of abiotic and biotic stress resilience across vigna gene pools to enhance the use and conservation of these genetic resources. Potential mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in crop. Climate change, drought, food security, heat stress, rice, salinity, wheat. With this chapter an attempt is made to unravel fundamental plant stress. Diverse roles of jasmonates and ethylene in abiotic stress. Abiotic stresses are the most important for crop production, affecting about 96. The impact of possible climate changes on developing. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance wiley.
Similarly, more attention should be directed toward plant responses to simultaneous, multiple abiotic stresses and to the crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress signaling because much of the abiotic. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance tuteja, narendra, gill, sarvajeet s. Climate change, environmental degradation and population growth present major challenges to global food security. Climate change and abiotic stress management in india. Climate change is a complex phenomenon with a wide range of impacts on the environment.
Drought tolerance involves biochemical mechanisms activated after stress to enable plant to maintain functional growth under low available water. Plants under abiotic stress are those suffering from drought, extreme temperatures, flood and other naturalbut nonlivingfactors. The identification of traits that underpin salt stress tolerance is the. The field of plant abiotic stress encompasses all studies on abiotic factors or. Dear colleagues, plant stress due to climate change compromises the food supply for an increasing world population. Pdf download abiotic and biotic stress in plants free. National academy of agricultural sciences, nasc complex, dps marg, new delhi, 110012, india. Matthew gilliham university of adelaide, australia this special interest group focus is the molecular and physiological. Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance researchgate. State of the field abiotic stress tolerance in grasses. The challenges before us in plant biology and crop improvement are to. The quests to produce stress tolerantresistant plants and increase crop productivity have led to the study of plant stresses, their response to different stress type. Pdf climate change is a major global concern that can make agriculture even more riskprone, especially in the developing world.
The impact of global climate change on crop production has emerged as a major research priority during the past decade. Climate change and catastrophic events have contributed to rice shortages in several regions due to decreased water availability and soil salinization. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, are major limiting factors in global crop productivity and are predicted to be exacerbated by climate change. Therefore, the subject of abiotic stress response in plants metabolism, productivity and sustainability is gaining considerable significance in the contemporary world. To cope with these new challenges, many plant breeding programs have reoriented their. Divergent strategies to cope with climate change in. Climate change is predicted to affect agricultural production the most, primarily at low.
Enhancing crop productivity through increased abiotic. If the worlds climate is not changing significantly, there is nothing special for us to write about under this heading. A plant requires a certain amount of water for its optimal survival. Plant, abiotic stress and responses to climate change intechopen.